{"document":{"category":"csaf_vex","csaf_version":"2.1","notes":[{"category":"summary","text":"Palo Alto Networks PSIRT provided VEX document. This document is autogenerated.","title":"GlobalProtect App: Improper Certificate Validation Leads to Privilege Escalation "}],"publisher":{"category":"vendor","name":"Palo Alto Networks","namespace":"https://security.paloaltonetworks.com"},"title":"Palo Alto Networks PSIRT provided VEX document: CVE-2025-2183","distribution":{"text":"Copyright © 2024 Palo Alto Networks. All rights reserved.","tlp":{"label":"CLEAR","url":"https://www.first.org/tlp/"}},"tracking":{"current_release_date":"2026-03-11T22:25:22.087Z","generator":{"date":"2026-03-11T22:25:22.087Z","engine":{"name":"Vulnogram","version":"0.1.0-dev"}},"id":"CVE-2025-2183","initial_release_date":"2025-08-13T16:00:00.000Z","revision_history":[{"number":"1","date":"2025-08-13T09:00:00.000Z","summary":"Initial Publication"}],"status":"final","version":"1"}},"product_tree":{"branches":[{"name":"Palo Alto Networks","category":"vendor","branches":[{"name":"GlobalProtect App","category":"product_name","branches":[{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App<6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676)","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-119"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.3.3-h2 (6.3.3-c676)","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-119"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App<6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263)","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-117"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.2.8-h3 (6.2.8-c263)","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-117"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.1.0","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-7"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App<6.0.12","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-102"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.0.12","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-102"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App<6.3.3","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-97"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.3.3","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-97"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.2.0","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-124"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.1.0","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-7"}},{"category":"product_version_range","name":"vers:generic/GlobalProtect App>=6.0.0","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-93"}},{"category":"product_version","name":"GlobalProtect App All","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect App","product_id":"PANW-GlobalProtect-App-1"}}]},{"name":"Global Protect UWP App","category":"product_name","branches":[{"category":"product_version","name":"Global Protect UWP App All","product":{"name":"Palo Alto Networks Global Protect UWP App","product_id":"PANW-Global-Protect-UWP-App-1"}}]}]}]},"vulnerabilities":[{"cve":"CVE-2025-2183","product_status":{"fixed":["PANW-GlobalProtect-App-119","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-117","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-102","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-97"],"known_affected":["PANW-GlobalProtect-App-119","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-117","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-7","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-102","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-97","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-124","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-93"],"known_not_affected":["PANW-GlobalProtect-App-1","PANW-Global-Protect-UWP-App-1"]},"notes":[{"category":"description","text":"An insufficient certificate validation issue in the Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect™ app enables attackers to connect the GlobalProtect app to arbitrary servers. This can enable a local non-administrative operating system user or an attacker on the same subnet to install malicious root certificates on the endpoint and subsequently install malicious software signed by the malicious root certificates on that endpoint."}],"references":[{"category":"external","summary":"NVD - CVE-2025-2183","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2183"},{"category":"self","summary":"Palo Alto Networks Security Advisory CVE-2025-2183","url":"https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2025-2183"}],"threats":[{"category":"impact","description":"An insufficient certificate validation issue in the Palo Alto Networks GlobalProtect™ app enables attackers to connect the GlobalProtect app to arbitrary servers. This can enable a local non-administrative operating system user or an attacker on the same subnet to install malicious root certificates on the endpoint and subsequently install malicious software signed by the malicious root certificates on that endpoint."}],"scores":[{"cvss_v4":{"version":"4.0","attackVector":"ADJACENT_NETWORK","attackComplexity":"LOW","attackRequirements":"PRESENT","privilegesRequired":"NONE","userInteraction":"PASSIVE","vulnConfidentialityImpact":"HIGH","subConfidentialityImpact":"NONE","vulnIntegrityImpact":"HIGH","subIntegrityImpact":"NONE","vulnAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","subAvailabilityImpact":"NONE","Safety":"NOT_DEFINED","Automatable":"NO","Recovery":"USER","valueDensity":"DIFFUSE","vulnerabilityResponseEffort":"NOT_DEFINED","providerUrgency":"AMBER","exploitMaturity":"UNREPORTED","baseSeverity":"HIGH","baseScore":7.4,"threatSeverity":"MEDIUM","threatScore":4.5,"vectorString":"CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/AU:N/R:U/V:D/U:Amber"},"products":["PANW-GlobalProtect-App-119","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-117","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-7","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-102","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-97","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-124","PANW-GlobalProtect-App-93"]}]}]}